What type of pathogen causes American Foul Brood (AFB)?

American Foul Brood (AFB) is caused by a specific type of bacteria known as Paenibacillus larvae. This bacterium infects the larvae of honeybees and can have devastating effects on an entire colony if left untreated. The bacterial spores can remain viable for long periods, making AFB particularly concerning for beekeepers. The disease is characterized by the death of brood (the larvae and pupae of bees), and the presence of these spores in the hive environment poses a significant risk of transmission to healthy bees.

The nature of the pathogen is critical in understanding how to manage and prevent AFB. Because it is a bacterial infection, treatments often involve the destruction of infected colonies and disinfection of equipment to prevent the spread of the spores. This highlights the importance of proper hive management practices in maintaining bee health and preventing outbreaks.