What is the primary dietary source of protein for a bee colony?

The primary dietary source of protein for a bee colony is pollen. Pollen contains essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that are crucial for the growth and development of bees, particularly for young larvae. Worker bees collect pollen from various flowers and bring it back to the hive, where it serves as the main protein source that supports brood rearing and overall colony health.

While nectar is high in carbohydrates and provides energy, it does not supply the necessary protein that bees require. Honey, being a processed form of nectar, is also primarily an energy source and does not offer the protein needed for developing bees. Bee bread, which is a fermentation of pollen and nectar, is nutritious but serves more as a food storage medium rather than the primary protein source. Thus, pollen directly fulfills the protein needs of the hive, making it the correct answer.