What is the process of "swarming" in bees?

The process of swarming in bees primarily refers to the method by which a colony splits to form a new colony. This behavior typically occurs when the colony becomes congested or when environmental conditions trigger reproductive activity. During swarming, a significant portion of the worker bees, along with the old queen, leave the original hive to find a new location where they can establish a new colony.

This process is vital for the growth and expansion of bee populations. When bees swarm, they ensure genetic diversity by relocating to new areas, allowing them to find new food sources and habitat opportunities. The original colony will remain intact after a swarm, where they will raise a new queen to replace the one that has left.

Other options do not accurately reflect the process of swarming. For example, while gathering nectar is a crucial activity for bees, it does not involve the colony splitting or founding new colonies. Selecting a new queen is part of the swarming process, but it is a different aspect than the actual act of swarming. Lastly, worker bees ceasing their activity for the season does not describe any natural behavior related to swarming; bees are generally active throughout the foraging season while preparing for swarming.