Which factor can lead to fermentation in honey storage?

High humidity levels can lead to fermentation in honey storage primarily because honey is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the environment. When honey has a moisture content that exceeds about 18%, the likelihood of fermentation increases significantly. This fermentation occurs because yeasts present in the honey can thrive in the presence of excess moisture, converting sugars into alcohol and producing carbon dioxide. As a result, maintaining optimal storage conditions with low humidity is crucial to prevent fermentation and preserve the quality and longevity of honey.

In contrast, low temperatures typically help maintain honey's stability and can slow down any potential fermentation process. Excessive light can degrade honey’s quality due to oxidation but does not directly contribute to fermentation. The presence of beeswax does not lead to fermentation; instead, it can serve as a barrier that keeps moisture out when honey is properly sealed.